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发表于 2012-3-16 15:44
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http://www.niaid.nih.gov/about/o ... ts/condomreport.pdf这个网址的第7页有关美国的安全套试验。请英文哥解释一下安全套到底安全吗?我也搞不懂了。说是hiv基本无法穿过安全套(经过透水试验的)。但是对于有肉眼不可见的小孔,还是有暴露的,是不是这样的暴露太小,所以不会感染呢?
FDA researchers have also developed an assay for condom leakage using high concentrations of a laboratory virus (78). The laboratory virus penetration assay is not used routinely as a quality control test, but its sensitivity and relevance are arguably greater than the conventional water leakage test. Using this virus assay, FDA scientists tested many different types of male condoms and showed that condoms are highly effective barriers to virus passage with a very small chance of leakage (76, 77). Intact condoms (i.e., pass the water leak test) are essentially impermeable to particles the size of STD pathogens (including the smallest sexually transmitted virus, hepatitis B). Moreover, these studies show that fluid flow, not virus size, is the most important determinant of viral passage through a hole. Even holes many times larger than the virus impeded fluid flow such that few of the test particles passed through (78).
Applying results from the laboratory tests (12, 76, 77, 78), the hypothetical relative risk of exposure to semen, as a function of semen volume attributable to various independent condom use events, was presented and is shown in the table below. The purpose of this relative risk assessment is to model the expected degree of protection of exposure to semen afforded by condom use, condom non-use, and condom use in the events of breakage or leakage.
Hypothetical Relative Risk Model of Condom Use
Condom Use Event
Semen Exposure(Volume, averaged over event probability)
Relative Risk Compared to Non-Use
Failure to Use a Condom
3.3 ml
1.0
Condom used, but it breaks
1 ml × 2/100
0.006
Condom used, No break but has visibly detectable hole (by water leak test)
10-2 ml × 1/400
0.000008
Condom used, No break, No visibly detectable holes, but still passes virus
6 x 10-6 ml × .023
0.00000004
Condom used, no break, no leak
0.0 ml
0.0 |
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