长达10年的研究：评价通过无保护口交传染HIV的风险(2002年文献全文翻译)
因为非常多的板油恐惧无保护的口交行为，以下我对AIDS 16:9:1269-97, 2002的翻译，译文仅发表于知艾论坛，希望对于恐惧口交的恐友们有所帮助。Oral sex cannot be linked to new HIV infection in 10 year Spanish couples study
Over 19,000 instances of unprotected oral sex did not lead to a single case of HIV transmission amongst a cohort of 135 HIV-negative Spanish heterosexuals in a sexual relationship with a person with HIV. The study, conducted between 1990 and June 2000, is reported in the June 2002 edition of AIDS and adds to the growing number of studies which suggest differing levels of risk of HIV transmission from oral sex when compared to anal or vaginal intercourse.
A research team at the sexually transmitted diseases and HIV testing clinic in Madrid monitored a cohort of HIV-negative heterosexuals in a “steady” sexual relationship with a person with HIV. Both members of the couple were monitored at the clinic every six months and the HIV-negative partner was tested for HIV. Both members of the couple were asked to complete a structured questionnaire about their sexual practices and other possible exposures to HIV. The questionnaire explicitly asked people to specify each type of sexual practice since their last clinic visit and an approximate weekly and monthly frequency of each type of sexual activity was calculated by the researchers from their answers. A distinction was made between unprotected and protected sex and people were also asked whether ejaculation occurred.
In total, 135 HIV-negative people (110 women and 25 men) were recruited to the study. Of the women, 96 had performed fellatio on their HIV-positive partner, giving an estimated total of 8,965 instances of unprotected fellatio, with ejaculation occurring in the mouth on an estimated 3,060 occasions (34%). Ninety-eight HIV-positive men carried out unprotected cunnilingus on their HIV-negative partner.
Amongst the 25 HIV-negative men with a positive partner, 12 had unprotected cunnilingus, with an estimated 614 total number of episodes. Twenty-four of the 25 men had passive fellatio, with a total of 1,081 instances of fellatio without a condom performed by the HIV-positive partner.
It is thought that certain factors increase the chances of passing on HIV through oral sex. These include the HIV-positive person having a high viral load. In the Madrid study, viral load results were only available for 60 members of the cohort. Of these 10% (6) had a viral load above 10,000 copies/ml. CD4 counts below 200 cells/mm3 were recorded in 15.6% of the HIV-positive people in the study.
Other risk factors include the HIV-positive person ejaculating into the mouth of their partner; the presence of an sexually transmitted infection; and poor oral health. Amongst the HIV-positive men, 34% ejaculated into the mouths of their partners and vaginal infections were detected in two of the HIV-positive women who had cunnilingus performed on them by a HIV-negative partner.
In total almost 19,000 instances of unprotected oral sex were estimated to have occurred involving the 135 couples over the ten years of the study, but not a single case of HIV transmission was detected. The study authors conclude that: “this seems to point to a very low probability of HIV transmission related to this practice.”
Reference
Romero J et al. Evaluating the risk of HIV transmission through unprotected orogential sex. AIDS 16:9:1269-97, 2002.
长达10年的西班牙夫妇研究表明：口交不能导致新发HIV感染
在135名与HIV感染者有性关系的未感染HIV的西班牙异性恋者中，超过19000次无保护的口交没有引起一例HIV的感染。这项在1990年与2000年6月间进行的研究，发表于2002年6月版的AIDS并增加了越来越多的关于建议将口交的HIV感染风险程度与阴道性交及肛交区分开的研究。[知艾论坛]
马德里的一支在性传播疾病和HIV检测诊所的研究队监测了一群与HIV感染者有“稳定的”性关系的未感染HIV的异性恋者。诊所每6个月都监测夫妻双方的情况，并且其中未感染HIV的一方将接受HIV检测。夫妻双方都被要求回答一份关于他们性行为和其他可能暴露于HIV的行为的结构化调查问卷。该问卷明确要求回答者详细说明自从他们上次来诊所以后，发生的每种性行为类型，研究者通过他们的回答计算出他们每周及每月各种性行为的频率。无保护及有保护的性行为被区分开来，同时回答者也被问及是否有射精行为发生。
总共有135名未感染HIV者（110名女性及25名男性）参与到这项研究中。96名女性为她们感染了HIV的伴侣进行了口交，估计得出总共有8965次无保护的口交，3060次口腔内射精行为（34%）。98名HIV感染者对其为感染HIV的伴侣进行了无保护的舔阴行为。[知艾论坛]
在25名与HIV感染者有性关系的未感染HIV的男性中，12名有无保护的舔阴行为，估算总数为614次。24人有被动口交行为，与HIV感染者总共发生了1081次无安全套的口交行为。
通常认为某些因素增大了通过口交传染HIV的机会。这些包括，HIV感染者有很高的病毒载量。在马德里的研究中，样本群中只有60人能够检测出病毒载量。其中的10%（6人）病毒载量超过了10000 拷贝/毫升，研究记录有15.6%的HIV感染者CD4低于200个/立方毫米。
其他风险包括HIV感染者在其伴侣口腔内射精；有性病感染；有口腔疾病。在男性HIV感染者中，34%在其伴侣口腔中射精，两名被查出有阴道感染的女性HIV感染者接受了她们伴侣的舔阴行为。
在长达10年的研究中，估计135对夫妇总共发生了约19000次无保护的口交，但没有发现一例HIV的感染。这项研究的作者得出的结论：“这似乎表明了这种性行为（口交）传染HIV的可能性非常低。”[知艾论坛]
文献：
Romero J et al. 评价通过无保护口交传染HIV的风险. AIDS 16:9:1269-97, 2002 顺便说一下，这篇的研究成果是能够说明问题的，并不是因为135对夫妇的研究样本，而是因为长达10年的跟踪研究。但是从样本的结构来看，可能文章对MM们的安慰效果要更大一些。
另外，原本想整理一些关于创伤后应激障碍的paper（性侵犯），但是这种情况似乎绝大多数只有女性会遇到，在这个论坛的应用价值非常之小。最后想对来这个论坛的MM们说的是：女人能顶半边天，男人的一半是女人，所以女人能顶四分之三的天；希望MM们加强自我保护意识！ 很好的文章。每当看到它的时候，心里就会好受多了。 不得不承认，老外的认真与执着。。。。。{:soso_e179:} 115998776 发表于 2011-8-4 20:53 static/image/common/back.gif
很好的文章。每当看到它的时候，心里就会好受多了。
每当看到他，心里就踏实多了
心里踏实多了，谢谢楼主 谢谢楼主，希望我们大家都没事。 谢谢楼主，希望我们大家都没事
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